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Grossmann's Wikipedia excerpt is probably sufficient, but I was asked to answer this (thanks!) Biol. The basis of the theory is rooted in the observation of how consistent the rate of amino acid substitutions is in amino acids in homologous proteins (Kimura 1969). He loved flowers and imparted this love to his son.
13, 261 – 282. [1] Although the theory was received by some… The rate of amino acid substitutions in the evolution of homologous proteins is remarkably constant. From this, Kimura estimated the nucleotide substitution rate on the basis of codon degeneracy and extrapolated this rate to the entire genome on the basis of the total number of base pairs estimated by M uller (1958) . When Motoo was quite young his father gave him a microscope and Motoo spent many happy hours with it. When Kimura looked at hemoglobin µ substitution rates in humans, mice, horses, rabbits, bovines and carp he found that they were statistically consistent across taxa.
Degeneracy of the genetic code: Extent, nature, ... TOMOKO and KIMURA, MOTOO 1971.
In 1969 Kimura used the constancy of the rate of amino acid substitutions to argue powerfully for the importance of neutral mutations and random drift in molecular evolution.
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Indeed, Kimura's 1968 article begins with a discussion of the amino acid substitution rate obtained from Z uckerkandl and P auling (1965). The theory states that the vast majority of evolutionary changes at the molecular level are caused by random drift of selectively neutral mutants. Those equivalent codons do not have equal frequncies in the DNA of an organism. Overview. Small but significant deviations from expected composition can be explained by selective constraint on amino acid substitutions. ... a molecular biologist whose earlier work was on the genetic code … "Non-Darwinian Evolution" is a 1969 scientific paper co-authored by Jack Lester King and Thomas H. Jukes that is credited, along with Motoo Kimura's 1968 paper "Evolutionary Rate at the Molecular Level", with proposing what became known as the neutral theory of molecular evolution. At the same time, Kimura was also calling on his earlier work on stochastic processes in population genetics to forge a solid theoretical foundation for the neutral theory. J. Theoret. Motoo Kimura and the Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution Natural selection from BIO BIO 217 at Drexel University In layman's terms: most of the genetic changes that happen in organisms aren't detectable AT ALL unless you actually look at their DNA. By Motoo Kimura.
The amino acid composition of proteins. The cause is that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. This model ignores the convergence of genetic effects Motoo Kimura - random genetic drift prevails Motoo Kimura is head of the Department Population Genetics at the National Institute of Genetics, Japan, and has worked for over 20 years on the mathematical theory of population genetics.