This becomes even more relevant when considering that the Asian high-altitudes hold the water resources for billions of people in south-east Asia and it is of global interest to keep those ecosystems and their wildlife populations healthy. [2] In India, the wolf is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which prohibits hunting; a zoo needs a permission from the government to acquire a wolf. Financial support for ScienceDaily comes from advertisements and referral programs, where indicated. [10], Admixture with an unknown wolf-like canid, Relationship with the African golden wolf, For a full set of supporting references refer to the note (a) in the phylotree at, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, "The unique genetic adaptation of the Himalayan wolf to high-altitudes and consequences for conservation", "From the Past to the Present: Wolf Phylogeography and Demographic History Based on the Mitochondrial Control Region", "Phylogenetic evidence for the ancient Himalayan wolf: Towards a clarification of its taxonomic status based on genetic sampling from western Nepal", "Genome-wide Evidence Reveals that African and Eurasian Golden Jackals Are Distinct Species", "Wolves in Trans-Himalayas: 165 years of taxonomic confusion", "Himalayan wolf distribution and admixture based on multiple genetic markers", "Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia", "Molecular Genetic Studies on highly Endangered Species", Assessing the genetic status, distribution, prey selection and conservation issues of Himalayan wolf (, "Nomenclatural Matters: Twenty-fourth meeting of the Animals Committee Geneva, (Switzerland), 20–24 April 2009, AC24 Doc. Wolves in the Himalayan region form a monophyletic lineage distinct from the present-day Holarctic grey wolf Canis lupus spp. The Himalayan wolf howls to a different tune than other wolves, for example. [35], In 2011, the Indian wolf, Himalayan wolf, and African golden wolf were proposed to represent ancient wolf lineages, with the African golden wolf having colonised Africa prior to the Northern Hemisphere radiation of the Holarctic grey wolf. These are the two pivotal steps now required to advance the conservation of these wolves and their habitats. [24] It weighs about 35 kg (77 lb). These latest results confirm that the Himalayan wolf forms an evolutionarily distinct wolf lineage which requires formal taxonomic classification. [19], Canis himalayensis was proposed by Aggarwal et al. Note: Content may be edited for style and length. In addition, a social survey study with local communities helps to understand what people want and need to be able to commit to wildlife protection in these regions. University of Oxford. (2020, February 21). Canis chanco was the scientific name proposed by John Edward Gray in 1863, who described a skin of a wolf that was shot in Chinese Tartary. It possesses a unique paternal lineage that falls between the grey wolf and the African golden wolf. Seven wolves from Kashmir did not fall into this clade. [31], DNA sequences can be mapped to reveal a phylogenetic tree that represents evolutionary relationships, with each branch point representing the divergence of two lineages from a common ancestor. 13 Rev. [7][20] The committee recommended against this proposal, but suggested that the name be entered into the CITES species database as a synonym for Canis lupus. Materials provided by University of Oxford. The Himalayan wolf is found in habitats above 4000 m elevation and is unique to the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. Himalayan wolf discovered to be a unique wolf adapted to harsh high altitude life Researchers from the University of Oxford have discovered that the Himalayan wolf is a unique wolf characteristically adapted to the harsh life in the Asian high altitudes where low oxygen levels challenge all life forms. In evolutionary terms it is an old lineage of wolf. Content on this website is for information only. ScienceDaily shares links with sites in the. This genetic lineage shows a 3.9% divergence in the mDNA cytochrome b gene when compared with the Holarctic grey wolf, which may justify it being classified as a distinct species. Very little is known about the Himalayan wolf, because science and conservation have overlooked these high-altitude wolves as just another grey wolf until recently. chanco. Summary: Researchers have discovered that the Himalayan wolf is a unique wolf characteristically adapted to the harsh life in the Asian high altitudes where low oxygen levels challenge all life forms. . Researchers from the University of Oxford have discovered that the Himalayan wolf is a unique wolf characteristically adapted to the harsh life in the Asian high altitudes where low oxygen levels challenge all life forms. The Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of grey wolf that ranges from Southwest Asia to the Indian Subcontinent.It is intermediate in size between the Himalayan wolf and the Arabian wolf, and lacks the former's luxuriant winter coat due to it living in warmer conditions. The Tibetan mastiff's ability to avoid hypoxia in high elevations due to its higher hemoglobin levels compared to low-altitude dogs, was due to prehistoric interbreeding with the wolves of Tibet. The Himalayan wolf is a distinct lineage of the Holarctic grey wolf due to many genetic markers, one being uniquely adapted to high altitudes. T he Himalayan wolf forms a distinct lineage from the contemporary grey wolf and has unique genetic markers that allow it to thrive in altitudes higher than 4,000 meters, according a study published on February 19 in the Journal of Biogeography.. [42] It has closely spaced black speckles on the muzzle, below the eyes, and on the upper cheeks and ears. Have any problems using the site? [2], The Himalayan wolf has a thick, woolly fur that is dull earthy-brown on the back and tail, and yellowish-white on the face, belly, and limbs. The mtDNA of 18 captive wolves in the Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zo… Specifically, the ZF protein gene haplotype on the Himalayan X chromosome is shared with the African wolf, recently posited as Canis lupaster (Álvares et al., 2019; Viranta, Atickem, Werdelin, & Stenseth, 2017), while the ZF haplo-type on the Himalayan Y chromosome is unique among wolf lineages [53], The wolf in Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan is listed on CITES Appendix I. The researchers studied which prey species and at which amount were eaten by the wolves and compared that to the abundance of these same prey species in the landscape to understand what the wolves had available and what they have actually taken. It also used the scats for a dietary study, investigating what prey species the wolves and other carnivores have eaten. "Conservation action for the Himalayan wolf is required and of global conservation interest," noted the study. It was identified as an evolutionary significant unit that warranted assignment onto the IUCN Red List for its protection. University of Oxford. [8], The mitochondrial DNA of 27 wolves from the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau was compared in 2004. [2], A genomic study on the wolves of China included museum specimens of wolves from southern China that were collected between 1963 and 1988. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily, its staff, its contributors, or its partners. Local people expressed the wish to be closely involved in conservation work. The most frequent prey were domestic goats (32%), followed by sheep (30%), yaks (15%), and horses (13%). In 2020, further research on the Himalayan wolf indicates that it warrants species-level recognition under the Unified Species Concept, the Differential Fitness Species Concept, and the Biological Species Concept. Community conservation groups have proven successful in Himalayan areas. [10] Very little is known about the Himalayan wolf, because science and conservation have overlooked these high-altitude wolves as just another grey wolf until recently. The protection of the Himalayan wolves is critical to preserve these ecosystems given that top carnivores are key to keep an ecosystem healthy and balanced. This illegal wildlife trade needs to be drastically combated from political to ground level across the countries to the benefit of many wild species. [5][2] The results of these two studies imply that the Himalayan wolf distribution range extends from the Himalayan range north across the Tibetan Plateau up to the Qinghai Lake region in China’s Qinghai Province. The researchers observed where the wolves chose their den sites and found that in Nepal the Himalayan wolf pack sizes are on average five animals and hence smaller than usual grey wolf packs. in 2007 for wolf specimens from the Indian Himalayas that differed in mitochondrial DNA from specimens collected in other parts of India. One specimen located as far southeast as Jiangxi province shows evidence of being admixed between Tibetan-related wolves and other wolves in China. Much still remains to be revealed about their ecology, behaviour and population size. University of Oxford. [2], The howls of the Himalayan wolf have lower frequencies, unmodulated frequencies, and are shorter in duration compared to Holarctic wolf howls. Predator species include snow leopard, Himalayan wolf, brown bear (Ursus arctos), Eurasian lynx ... Small mammals was the most common food category found in wolf scats (41%) followed by plain dwelling ungulates (31%). The Himalayan wolf is considered an ancient wolf as it evolved prior to the contemporary grey wolf which is found in large parts of North America and Eurasia. [55] It probably recolonised the Tibetan Plateau. In the high grasslands of Earth’s tallest mountains lives a …
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